2016年6月16日讯/生物谷BIOON/--加尔维斯敦德州大学医学院的研究人员发现，相比没有患癌症的人群，在青少年和年轻成人群中确诊的癌症幸存者吸烟的机率很大。本研究发现发表在《Cancer》杂志上。

吸烟是癌症的主要原因,但研究发现非吸烟者不一定就不患癌症。

“吸烟者更容易患癌症,我们发现在我们的分析中许多青少年和青年人在癌症诊断后继续吸烟,这进一步影响了他们的健康和生活质量。”卫生经济学助理教授Sapna Kaul说。“这些幸存者继续吸烟可能是因为压力或在治疗和生存的压力阶段将此作为一种常态。”

研究人员在2012 - 2014年全国健康访问调查中研究了1019名癌症幸存者戒烟激活癌细胞，他们在15至39岁时确诊了癌症，患癌至少5年时间。无癌史人群作为对照组。研究对象需要自我报告吸烟状态,他们是否被诊断出患有癌症和慢性疾病如哮喘和糖尿病等,以及他们的身体健康状况。

研究发现,与22%的无癌史人群相比，33%的癌症幸存者是烟民。幸存者中的烟民有明显的慢性疾病,如哮喘,心脏病、肺部疾病、糖尿病和不良的身体状况。

癌症幸存者的某些特征如保险状况和年龄与当前吸烟状态相关。相比22%的有私人保险的癌症幸存者戒烟激活癌细胞，超过50%的癌症幸存者是没有保险的吸烟者。同样,年轻的癌症幸存者吸烟频率高于年长的癌症幸存者。

Kaul说在他们的研究中近40%吸烟的癌症幸存者目前报道称没有与卫生专业人员讨论过与吸烟有关的问题。她表示,在就医过程期间咨询有关吸烟的问题可能是鼓励癌症幸存者戒烟的第一步。在年轻时期被诊断出患有癌症的幸存者需要戒烟来帮助他们提高生活质量。（生物谷Bioon.com）

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doi:10.1002/cncr.30086

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Cigarette smoking, comorbidity, and general health among survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer

Sapna Kaul PhD*, Sreenivas P. Veeranki DrPH, MBBS, Ana M. Rodriguez MD, MPH andYong-Fang Kuo PhD

BACKGROUND We examined the associations between cigarette smoking, comorbidity, and general health among survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer and a comparison group。 METHODS From the 2012 to 2014 National Health Interview Surveys, we identified 1019 survivors of AYA cancer, defined as individuals who had been diagnosed with cancer between 15 and 39 years of age and were at least 5 years after their initial cancer diagnosis。 A noncancer comparison group was matched on age, sex, and other factors。

Self-reported smoking status (never smoker, former smoker, or current smoker), comorbidities (eg, asthma and diabetes), and general health status (excellent, very good, or good versus poor or fair) were compared among these groups。 Survivors' smoking status before diagnosis and interaction with health care professionals regarding smoking cessation were reported。 Multivariable logistic regressions modeled the associations between smoking status and comorbidity and general health。 RESULTS 33% of survivors were current smokers compared with 22% in the comparison group (P < 。

001)。 Prevalence of comorbidities and fair/poor health was significantly higher among survivors。 Current smokers among survivors were more likely to report greater comorbidities (odds ratio [OR], 1。62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1。06-2。47; P = 。03) and less likely to report at least good health (OR, 0。34; 95% CI, 0。22-0。54; P < 。001) than never-smokers。 Among survivors who smoked currently, 92% started smoking before diagnosis, and 37% reported having no smoking-related discussions with health care professionals in the previous year。

CONCLUSIONS Smoking among survivors of AYA cancer is associated with greater comorbidities and poorer general health。 Younger survivors may need to be targeted for effective smoking cessation interventions。 Addressing cigarette smoking during medical visits may encourage survivors to quit smoking。 Cancer 2016。 © 2016 American Cancer Society。